Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Its Determinants Among Healthcare Personnel in Chengalpattu District: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major occupational health hazard among healthcare personnel (HCP). In India, 40 million people are chronically affected despite the availability of effective vaccinations. Hence, this study focuses on assessing the vaccination coverage and identifying the determinants of hepatitis B vaccine uptake among HCPs in South India. Objective: To estimate the Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and identify factors associated with Hepatitis B vaccination uptake among HCP in Chengalpattu district. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of three months at primary healthcare institutions in the Chengalpattu district. A total of 270 HCP were selected through stratified random sampling, and data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire after reviewing similar work in the literature. The collected data were entered into MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Logistic regression analysis was used to test the factors influencing Hepatitis B vaccination, and a P-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 270 HCP participated in the study. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of the HCP was 35.78 ± 10.8. Most participants were between 21 and 40 years old (186, 68.9%). About 227 (84.1%) were females. Of the study participants, 98 (36.6%) had received complete Hepatitis B vaccination (three doses), of whom 12 (4.4%) had also received complete vaccination along with booster doses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified marital status (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.413; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.234-0.730; P = 0.002) and educational status (AOR = 2.638; 95% CI 1.162-5.985; P = 0.020) as factors associated with complete hepatitis B vaccination among HCP. Conclusions: In this study, only one-third of the participants were completely vaccinated against hepatitis B. Thus, improving targeted educational interventions, access to vaccination services, and strengthening institutional policies will improve vaccination coverage among HCP.