Fuzzy DEMATEL based analysis of human factors in shipboard energy efficiency

Improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remain key challenges for maritime transport. While most studies emphasize technical measures, the human factor’s impact on fuel consumption has received limited attention. This study addresses this gap by examining how human factors influence shipboard energy consumption. Using a qualitative case study approach, Fuzzy Logic and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methods to identify and analyze causal relationships among critical human-related determinants. Data gathered under comparable technical and environmental conditions enabled the isolation of behavioral effects. The findings reveal that substance use, living conditions, and crew health and well-being are the most influential factors affecting fuel consumption. The study expands the energy efficiency discourse by integrating behavioral perspectives into operational performance analysis. Practically, it suggests that improving living standards, providing health support, and enhancing crew awareness can mitigate unnecessary fuel use and reinforce sustainability efforts. Furthermore, the results offer valuable implications for policy development by linking human-centered interventions with broader maritime governance and decarbonization objectives. Overall, this research provides a systematic framework for understanding and managing the behavioral dimensions of ship energy efficiency.