Biomass-based materials for intelligent responsive pesticide delivery system: Focusing on performance optimization, mechanism exploration, and multi-functional design

Controlled-release pesticides are considered to be an effective approach to address the low utilization efficiency and pollution diffusion of pesticides. The transition from the traditional slow release of pesticides to an intelligent responsive pesticide delivery system has become an inevitable trend in agrochemical development. Biomass-based materials are ideal materials for intelligent responsive pesticides due to their renewability, functionalization capabilities, and inherent biodegradability. This review summarizes the progress of biomass-based materials thoroughly for intelligent responsive pesticides, such as lignin, cellulose, chitosan, and others. Furthermore, the unique characteristics, advantages, and precise release mechanisms of these materials are analyzed in detail. Finally, the future research directions on biomass-based materials for intelligent responsive pesticides are prospected, which is focusing on performance optimization, mechanism exploration, and multi-functional design. It is anticipated that this study will provide an impetus for the advancement of intelligent responsive pesticides and the development of green precision agriculture.