Abstract In increasingly complex research environments, the traditional separation of safety and security no longer reflects institutional realities. A unified framework combining safety practices aimed at preventing unintentional harm with security measures addressing deliberate threats can strengthen the protection of personnel, infrastructure, data, and research outcomes. While some countries have implemented integrated approaches in sectors such as aerospace and critical infrastructure, research institutions in Latin America remain largely unprepared, particularly regarding research security. Many, however, already operate safety systems that offer a practical foundation for integration. Drawing on conceptual analysis, institutional comparisons, and real-world case studies, a scalable and cost-effective framework is proposed to improve organizational resilience and research continuity. The approach highlights policy instruments including funding incentives, national guidelines, and regional cooperation to support adoption. These findings are relevant for decision-makers seeking to align research governance with emerging safety and security challenges.
Martins et al. (2026) studied this question.