This data article describes a dataset from a field experiment investigating the effects of biochar on an upland agroecosystem in Guizhou Province, China. An in-situ field experiment was established in 2020 with different biochar application methods (single versus continuous annual application) at five rates (0, 5, 10, 20, 50 t ha -1 ). The data were collected during a 1.5-year monitoring period from April 2022 to October 2023. The dataset includes soil greenhouse gas fluxes (CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O) measured using the static chamber–gas chromatography method. It also provides a profile of soil biophysiochemical properties, including soil organic carbon, bulk density, water content, pH, electrical conductivity, soil available nutrients (available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and the activities of four enzymes (phosphatase, sucrase, catalase, urease). This dataset captures the interactions between soil biogeochemistry and management practices over an extended period. It serves as a useful resource for biogeochemical model calibration, meta-analyses, and the development of sustainable biochar management strategies aimed at climate change mitigation in agricultural soils.
Song et al. (2026) studied this question.