Cyclic Universe and the Mechanism of the Big Bounce in the Dynamic Cosmic Medium Model

This article develops a cyclic cosmological framework within the Dynamic CosmicMedium Model (DKMM), in which the current expansive phase is understood not asa one-time absolute beginning of reality, but as the consequence of a previouslimiting state of compression and a subsequent Big Bounce. Within this framework,time is absolute, space is a framework filled with a real dynamic cosmic medium,and vacuum does not represent a zero state, but the equilibrium state of themedium with a positive base level (> 0).The basic assumption of the model is that the medium has finite physical properties,in particular nonzero compressibility, pressure and thermodynamic characteristics,and the ability to pass between different dynamical regimes. Under extremecompression, development therefore does not tend toward a physically empty edgeof description, but toward a limiting state in which the pressure response of themedium takes over dynamical dominance and enables transition into a newexpansive phase.The article distinguishes between a global cosmological bounce and local collapsesthat may end in stabilized ultra-dense relic states, and discusses how within thisframework one may interpret the current expansive phase, the cooling of the cosmicmicrowave background, the apparent acceleration of cosmic evolution, and thepossibility that part of the large-scale structures carries memory of a previousphase of the medium. The aim of the text is not to claim that the cyclic DKMMmodel is an experimentally confirmed theory, but to show that it offers a coherentalternative to the picture of a universe with a one-time beginning and a finalone-way evolution.