Tracheal Compression Caused by Sclerosants in an Infant With Airway Hemangiomas During Transarterial Arterial Sclerosing Embolization: A Case Report

Transcatheter arterial sclerosing embolization (TASE) is an emerging and effective treatment for airway hemangiomas that respond poorly to propranolol. Clinicians must also remain vigilant about the potential adverse events associated with sclerotherapy. We report a case of acute tracheal compression caused by sclerosant injection, leading to severe pulmonary hyperinflation in an infant with an airway hemangioma during TASE. Management involved adjusting the depth of the tracheal tube and increasing the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to 10 cm H 2 O, which resulted in clinical improvement. In conclusion, while TASE is a valuable treatment for airway hemangiomas, anesthesiologists must be aware of life-threatening adverse reactions such as acute airway compression.