Potentiation of antimalarial activity in Artemisia annua cultivated in the presence of fodder peanuts and beneficial microorganisms

Production of Artemisia annua chemical active ingredients remains too expensive and unprofitable. Its antimalarial active molecules vary a lot with environmental diversity and are low concentrated in the plant. Research into ways of optimizing their content, extraction and concentration is a current challenge. In this study, we tried to promote an inexpensive and more profitable cultivation procedure to improve Artemisia antimalarial biomass and therapeutic molecules. Seeds of A. annua were grown on a non-sterilized soil substrate using non-randomized bloc design. Impact of Arachis pintoï (Ara), special organic matter (MOS), Biochar (Bio), mycorrhizal fungi (CMA) and endophyte bacteria (End) on the parameters of biomass yield in A. annua was evaluated as well as contents of some phytochemical active biomolecules, antioxidant capacity and in vitro PfLDH-based antiplasmodial activity of A. annua. Increased biomass yield in A. annua was higher with Arachis pintoï (Ara) combined to special organic matter. Artemisia annua in “Ara+CMA+End” system was more efficient compare to Artemisia annua without biofertilizer. We had respectively, 86.88±3.38 and 65.77±3.08 mgEqAG/ g of DM for plyphonols; 79.18±5.84 and 67.82±4.38 mgEqAA/ g of DM for antioxidant capacity; regarding antiplasmodial activity we had for 50% Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) in µg/mL: 31±2.05 and 60.68± 13.07 for PfDd2 (multidrug-resistant); 34.14 ± 2.71 and 47.69 ± 6.34 for Pf3D7 (sensitive). Integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) involving a forage legume and microbial fertilizers may be the best option to provide the highest bioactive molecules content and diversity. ISFM improve Artemisia annua biomass production for better active therapeutic ingredients. Keywords: Microbial biofertilizers, Arachis pintoï, malaria active biomolecules, Artemisia annua