This essay conceives artificial intelligence as a chapter in the history of writing through reconsidering the eighteenth-century automaton writer created by Jaquet Droz, a Swiss clock making workshop. As much an innovation in writing technology as it was an early example of artificial intelligence, the Jaquet Droz automaton writer reveals how artificial intelligence is a historical idea and material artifact deeply entangled with the history of writing, an embodied as well as deeply emotional form of cognitive activity and one of the oldest human technologies.
Julie Park (Sun,) studied this question.