Numerical and parametric analysis of built-up cold-formed steel battened beam-columns under axial and eccentric loading

This paper conducts a thorough numerical analysis of the performance characteristics of built-up CFS battened beam-columns under bi-axis loading. Based on simulations using ABAQUS with a developed finite element model that accounts for material and geometric imperfections, results show that cross-sectional geometry significantly influences the load-carrying ability of columns, with intricate geometry exhibiting strength values up to 264.57% higher than standard geometry. Compared among steel grades, results reveal the higher ductility and strength of Grade G450 steel, with greater load resistance offered by thicker steel variants (T1.95), up to 430.89%. Notably, the role of Eccentricity in attaining structural performance is recognized, with two-axis Eccentricity reducing load resistance by as much as 94.02%.