Analysis of Pantograph–Catenary Current Collection Performance Under Speed-Upgrading Operating Conditions

To support the safe operation and technological promotion of existing line speed-up projects, this paper presents an assessment method for pantograph–catenary contact performance under the 200 km/h speed conditions, using the Guangzhou–Shenzhen Lines I and II speed-up projects as representative case studies. Based on the ANCF method, a refined pantograph–catenary coupling dynamic model is established to accurately characterize the large deformation and geometric nonlinear behavior of the catenary system. Model validation is achieved using actual measurement data from the CR400AF train. Based on this model, systematic simulation analyses were conducted to evaluate the current collection performance of four mainstream train models—CR300AF, CR400BF, CRH380A, and CRH380B—under both single-unit and double-unit operation conditions. Results indicate that dynamic contact force metrics for pantograph–catenary interactions meet all limit requirements specified in the Technical Specifications for Dynamic Acceptance of High-Speed Railway Projects under all operating conditions. This demonstrates that the pantograph–catenary system on the analyzed Guangzhou–Shenzhen Line exhibits excellent dynamic stability and safety under the targeted speed-up scheme, providing simulation-based justification for implementing the speed enhancement project.