With the increasingly stringent requirements for steel properties in high-end manufacturing, insufficient hot metal desulfurization efficiency has emerged as a key bottleneck, making this process a research hotspot. To establish an effective correlation between the macroscopic flow field and microscopic bubble behavior for improved desulfurization, this study combined water modeling with numerical simulation. We systematically investigated the fluid flow characteristics associated with bubble refinement and the stirred flow field. The effects of three key process parameters—stirring speed, eccentricity, and injection flow rate—on mixing efficiency were analyzed, and the interaction mechanisms among turbulent kinetic energy, flow distribution, and bubble refinement were explored. Results indicate that increasing the stirring speed from 60 to 180 r/min reduced the Sauter mean diameter of bubbles from 5 ± 1 to 3 ± 1 mm, although higher speeds promoted vortex formation and surface vortexing. Increasing the eccentricity suppressed vortices, with the most uniform bubble size distribution achieved at 80 mm, albeit with asymmetric gas distribution in the flow field. Both excessively high and low injection flow rates degraded desulfurization performance. A comprehensive evaluation of the three parameters suggests that optimal stirring–injection performance is achieved at a stirring speed of 120 r/min, an eccentricity of 60 mm, and an injection flow rate of 1.5 m3/h. This study elucidates the influence of key parameters on bubble refinement and fluid flow, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the stirring–injection desulfurization process.
Lv et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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