Mechanical intravascular hemolysis is frequently observed following transcatheter and surgical valve procedures, requiring multidisciplinary management for diagnosis and treatment.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of mechanical hemolysis complicating transcatheter and surgical valve interventions.
Mechanical intravascular hemolysis is frequently observed following procedures on heart valves and uncommonly observed in native valvular disease. In most cases, its severity is mild. Nevertheless, it can be clinically significant and even life threatening, requiring multiple blood transfusions and renal replacement therapy. This paper reviews the current knowledge on mechanical intravascular hemolysis in valvular disease, before and after correction, focusing on pathophysiology, approach to diagnosis, and impact of other hematological conditions on the resultant anemia. The importance of a multidisciplinary management is underscored. Laboratory data are provided about subclinical hemolysis that is commonly observed following the implantation of surgical and transcatheter valve prostheses and devices. Finally, clinical scenarios are reviewed and current medical and surgical treatments are discussed, including alternative options for inoperable patients.
Cannata et al. (Sat,) conducted a review in Mechanical intravascular hemolysis in valvular disease. Transcatheter and surgical valve prostheses and devices was evaluated. Mechanical intravascular hemolysis is frequently observed following transcatheter and surgical valve procedures, requiring multidisciplinary management for diagnosis and treatment.