Quality and reliability of video based information on intracerebral hemorrhage on TikTok and Bilibili: A cross sectional study

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating stroke subtype, characterized by high mortality and disability rates. With the rapid growth of short-video platforms, TikTok and BiliBili have become important channels for the public to obtain health information. However, the quality and reliability of ICH-related videos on these platforms have not been systematically evaluated. Methods Up to October 17–18, 2025, the research collected the top 100 comprehensively ranked videos from TikTok and BiliBili separately, using the Chinese term “脑出血 (ICH)” as the search keyword. After screening, 146 videos were included. Two independent reviewers assessed video quality and reliability using three standardized tools: the Global Quality Scale (GQS), the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) instrument, and the JAMA benchmark. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between video quality and engagement metrics. Results Videos on BiliBili scored significantly higher than those on TikTok on both the GQS and mDISCERN (P < 0.001 and P = 0.039, respectively). Furthermore, BiliBili outperformed TikTok in terms of content completeness. However, TikTok demonstrated significantly higher engagement metrics (likes, favorites, comments, and shares) than BiliBili (P < 0.01 for all). Videos uploaded by healthcare professionals achieved the highest quality, with a median GQS score of 3 (IQR 2-4). Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between video length and quality scores, while the number of comments was negatively correlated with both video quality and length. Conclusion The quality and reliability of ICH-related videos were superior on BiliBili compared to TikTok, whereas TikTok exhibited overwhelming advantages in user engagement. Longer video duration was associated with better quality and reliability. Although videos from healthcare professionals scored higher in quality and reliability than those from individual users, they still did not meet the standard for high-quality information. This indicates the ongoing challenge of effectively translating specialized medical knowledge into reliable, practical, and easily understandable information for the public.