ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the flexural strength, monomer release, and wear resistance between conventional, milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and 3D‐printed resins built at 90° and 60° printing angles for occlusal splints. Materials and Methods 60‐rectangular and 100‐disc specimens were fabricated from heat‐cured PMMA (Oracryl HP, Bracon Dental, United Kingdom), milled PMMA (Kerox Premia KP, Kerox Dental, Hungary), and 3D‐printed resins (FreePrint Splint2.0 FS, Detax, Ettlingen, Germany, and KeySplint Hard KS, Keystone Industries, Myerstown, USA) at 90° and 60° printing angles. Specimens for flexural strength and wear tests were immersed immediately in 37°C water for 50 h and thermally aged for 20,000 cycles. Flexural strength was evaluated using a three‐point bend test. Wear was tested using a chewing simulator for 140,000 cycles, and volume loss was calculated using Autodesk MeshMixer software. Monomer release was analyzed via UV spectrophotometry over 7 days. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro–Wilk test and one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison tests. Results KP showed the highest mean flexural strength (115.5 ± 5.3 MPa, p 0.05). Monomer release peaked on Day 3 for all groups, with KS consistently showing the highest concentration (29.7 ± 3.6 ppm), followed by FS (28.8 ± 3.8 ppm), HP (27.9 ± 4.9 ppm), and lastly, KP showed the lowest concentration (24.9 ± 3.8 ppm). KP demonstrated the lowest mean volume loss (2.5 ± 1.3 mm 3 , p < 0.01), followed by HP (4.4 ± 1.7 MPa), whereas 3D‐printed resin showed the highest. No significant wear differences were observed between 90° and 60° printing angles. Conclusion Milled PMMA outperformed other materials, followed by conventional PMMA, while 3D‐printed resin showed inferior performance in flexural strength, wear resistance, and monomer release. Printing angles significantly influenced flexural strength but not wear properties in 3D‐printed resins.
Aminuddin et al. (2026) studied this question.