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April 29, 20260 citations

SN2024iss: A double-peaked Type IIb supernova with evidence of circumstellar interaction

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LCLiyang ChenXWXiaoFeng WangQWQinyu Wu

Key Points

  • This research analyzes the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray observations of the double-peaked Type IIb supernova 2024iss.
  • Utilized a shock-cooling model for light curve analysis.
  • Modeled X-ray emission using a free-free model.
  • Compared envelope properties with other Type IIb supernovae to assess circumstellar interactions.
  • Identified a prominent double-peaked light curve in SN 2024iss.
  • Measured a photospheric velocity of approximately 19,400 km/s.
  • Indicated an extended hydrogen envelope with specific mass and radius properties.

Abstract

We present optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray observations of supernova (SN) 2024iss, a Type IIb SN that shows a prominent double-peaked light curve. We modeled the first peak with a semianalytical shock-cooling model and the X-ray emission with a free-free model. We also compared the envelope radius and mass-loss rate with those of other Type IIb SNe to explore the relationships between the progenitor envelope and the circumstellar material. The shock-cooling peak in the V-band light curve reached MV = -17. 33 ± 0. 26 mag, while the 56 Ni-powered second peak attained MV = -17. 43 ± 0. 26 mag. Early spectra show a photospheric velocity of approximately 19, 400, km, s^-1 at 3. 82 days from the Hα P Cygni profile. The Balmer lines persist for at least more than 87 days after the explosion, which is characteristic of hydrogen-rich ejecta. Modeling the first light-curve peak with the shock-cooling model suggests an extended hydrogen envelope with a mass of 0. 11 ̊m M_⊙ and a radius of 244 ± 43 ̊m R_⊙. Fitting the second light-curve peak with an Arnett-like model indicates a typical ⁵6Ni mass of 0. 117 ± 0. 013 ̊m M_⊙ and a relatively low ejecta mass of 1. 27 ± 0. 34, ̊m M_⊙. X-ray observations revealed bright thermal bremsstrahlung emission and indicate a mass-loss rate of 1. 6 10^ -5 ̊m M_⊙ yr ^ -1, which is similar to that of SN, 1993J. Supernova, 2024iss occupies a transitional position between the two subclasses of extended and compact Type IIb SNe. Its envelope radius and preexplosion mass-loss rate appear to be consistent with the correlation observed in the broader sample. The observational properties of SN, 2024iss are compatible with a binary-interaction scenario being the dominant mechanism for envelope stripping.

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Cite This Study

Chen et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69f1547f879cb923c4944bedhttps://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202557843/pdf
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