Oxygen Reduction Reaction An in-situ one-step synthesis simultaneously induces Pt surface segregation and forms a porous carbon shell on Pt–3d alloy nanoparticles. The resulting structure stabilizes the catalyst while maintaining high oxygen reduction reaction activity and long-term durability, enabling reduced Pt usage without sacrificing fuel-cell activity. This promising strategy offers a practical pathway toward low-cost, high-performance catalysts beyond conventional core–shell structures. More in the Research Article (e11516), Yun Sik Kang, Joseph T. Hupp, Sung Jong Yoo, Namgee Jung, and co-workers.
Min et al. (2026) studied this question.