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April 30, 2026Journal of the American College of Cardiology

The review summarizes the adverse effects of obesity on CV disease risk factors, its role in pathogenesis, the obesity paradox where overweight/obese patients with established CV disease have better prognosis, and weight reduction strategies.

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Why the study?

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions and impacts CV disease, yet studies have documented a puzzling obesity paradox in patients with established CV disease.

Design

Review

Authors

CLCarl J. LavieRMRichard V. MilaniHVHéctor O. Ventura

Discussion

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Overview

Challenges routine weight loss advice in stable CV disease; leaves open benefits of intentional reduction pending randomized trials.**[[1]](https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.12.068)[[2]](https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.01.

Structured PICO

P
Population
Adults and children with obesity, including those with established cardiovascular disease (HTN, HF, CHD, peripheral arterial disease)
I
Intervention
Weight reduction (discussed generally)

This review highlights the complex relationship between obesity and cardiovascular disease, including the adverse effects on risk factors and the counterintuitive 'obesity paradox' in patients with established CV disease.

Cite This Study

Lavie et al. (2009) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69f2ca21a9949f73c77cb9b8https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.12.068
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