The use of model organisms is essential for studying physiological, biochemical, and ecological processes in living systems. Among aquatic models, the freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) has gained attention due to its adaptability to laboratory conditions, sensitive behavioral and physiological responses, and relatively easy reproduction. This species is widely applied in studies of water quality, toxicology, radiation biology, and the effects of nanoparticles. Research on angelfish has addressed feeding biology, embryonic and larval development, environmental stress responses, social behavior, and susceptibility to diseases. The results highlight the value of Pterophyllum scalare as a reliable and informative model organism for both fundamental and applied biological research, contributing to a better understanding of aquatic ecosystems and the development of biotechnological approaches.
Akbarova et al. (2026) studied this question.