Understanding hydroclimatic variability and climate teleconnections in a warming world is crucial for drought-prone regions like West Africa, where economies heavily depend on rain-fed agriculture. This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of hydrological and meteorological droughts in the Beninese Part of the Niger River Basin (BPNRB). Using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the Consecutive Dry Days Index (CDD), and the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), the study assessed drought variability on 3- and 12-month timescales. Statistical methods were employed to explore drought patterns. The findings reveal a recovery phase in the 1990s following severe droughts in the 1970s and 1980s. Significant trends include an increase in CDD values during the rainy season, with an average of 18 dry spell days, and a pronounced upward trend in SDI, indicating intensifying hydrological droughts. These changes suggest growing pressure on both surface and groundwater resources. These findings provide critical guidance for water resource management, promoting efficient irrigation practices and developing preparedness plans. This research offers a robust scientific foundation for designing proactive drought management strategies and enhancing water and food security in Northern Benin.
Mampo et al. (2026) studied this question.