There is an observable shift in the solar energy generation landscape, the traditional land based solar installation is being shifted to Floating photovoltaic systems, which utilize water surfaces for energy generation. The paper discusses the multi-faceted design and performance optimization of a solar farm through thermal and technical features of the system. The greatest advantage that is presented by these FPV installations is the ability to produce more energy at reduced mechanical rates malfunction, the cause is that such systems are located in water bodies, which form a natural and efficient cooling system. The article uses a generalized mathematical approach to evaluate power generation efficiency in the under circumstances various environmental factors which involve variation in the irradiance with change in wind speed and temperature. The paper also introduces a thermal coupled efficiency model that is capable of further proving the same. Quantifiable improvements and proving that FPV can operate on greater than 8 percent efficiency, as compared to traditional models. The suggested system using the assistance of its optimization algorithm could modify its tilt angle and panel separation which assists in maximum energy production. In addition, ancillary benefits of FPV are also evaluated in the paper on an environmental and economic basis. Perspective particularly as far as ameliorating land use conflicts and decreasing water over-evaporation is concerned whilst realizing sustainable development.
Kumar et al. (2026) studied this question.