Pipelines are used to transport water, oil, and gas so regular inspection is important to avoid cracks, corrosion, leakage and blockages. Manual inspection is slow, risky and cannot always detect internal damage. This paper presents a Real time IoT based pipeline inspection robot which can move inside pipelines and monitor their condition. The robot uses ultrasonic sensors to identify the defects and 360° camera to capture internal images of the pipe. An Arduino controls the movement and sensing the pipe as an ESP8266 module sends data wirelessly for remote monitoring. The system is powered by a rechargeable LiPo battery and designed to be simple, low cost and easy to use. The proposed robot helps in early fault detection reduces human effort and supports safer pipeline maintenance.
Venkatesan et al. (2026) studied this question.