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May 6, 2026Psychology of Addictive BehaviorsOpen Access

When are bystanders more likely and confident to act: Validation of the Bystanders to Alcohol Risk Scales—Willingness and self-efficacy.

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Authors

NBNancy P. BarnettRJRichard N. JonesMHMichelle Haikalis

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Overview

Validation reveals self-efficacy is linked to bystander behaviors in alcohol risk scenarios, suggesting a need for targeted interventions.

Key Points

  • The study aimed to assess new measures of willingness and self-efficacy related to bystander intervention in alcohol-related situations.
  • Participants completed measures evaluating willingness, self-efficacy, and related validity assessments.
  • Constructs were evaluated based on scenarios differing by situation, relation to the target, and target gender.
  • Multivariate variance decomposition and bivariate correlations were used to assess validity and reliability.
  • The constructs of willingness and self-efficacy showed strong fit with data.
  • Self-efficacy was higher for friends compared to strangers and influenced by the target's gender.
  • Participants were generally more willing and confident to act when the target was a woman.

Cite This Study

Barnett et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fa8eac04f884e66b53109dhttps://doi.org/10.1037/adb0001141
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Assessing measurement invariance of scales of likelihood and barriers to bystander intervention for problematic alcohol use among college students2026
  2. 2The Influence of Risk Assessment and Relationship Closeness on Bystander Actions2025
  3. 3Personality Traits, Learned Beliefs, and Alcohol-Related Behaviors Among Chinese University Students: The Mediating Role of Alcohol Expectancies and Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy2026
  4. 4The Role of Personality, Just World Beliefs, and Rape Myth Acceptance on Sexual Violence Bystander Intentions2024 · 1 citations
  5. 5Risk Perception, Drinking Motives, and Willingness to Drink in Social Contexts Among Emerging Adults2026