The dark side of big data organizational environments: beyond data stressors – a transactional theory of stress and coping perspective

Purpose This study aims to analyze the stressors perceived by professionals in Big Data Organizational Environments (BDOE) to identify potential situational stimuli that may trigger negative internal states impairing professional performance. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory qualitative study was conducted, drawing on elements of Grounded Theory Methodology. Based on interviews with 40 professionals in BDOEs, we examined their experiences through the lens of the Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping (TTSC). Findings The findings synthesize three primary stressor dimensions: (1) data characteristics (volume, variety, velocity, veracity); (2) work characteristics (workload, uncertainty, complexity, deadlines, job market); and (3) data literacy gaps (supervisors, colleagues, self-assessment). Notably, we analyze the critical tensions and combinatorial dynamics among these categories to develop new theoretical propositions through the lens of TTSC. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the theory by shifting the focus from organizational challenges to individual stressors and by identifying BDOE stressors from professionals’ perspectives, beyond data stressors. Practical implications This study provides managers with insights into how stressors can be mitigated by reducing the workload, addressing unrealistic expectations, and investing in data literacy across all hierarchical levels. Social implications This paper highlights the cognitive and emotional burdens of working in data-driven environments, with implications for workforce well-being and sustainable digital transformation. Originality/value The empirical evidence clarifies how BDOE can be difficult for individuals, offering insights into stressors from the perspective of professionals who experience them. Therefore, this study allows reflection on which other circumstances, combined with data stressors, might also be perceived as stressors and negatively affect professionals’ performance, thereby shedding light on the dark side of BDOE.