What type of study is this?

This is a Validation Study study.

May 6, 2026

Predictive Value and Clinical Validation of Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase to Platelet Ratio Index for Type 2 Diabetes Foot Ulcer Risk

DLD B LiuZigong First People's Hospital XSXinqin SongZigong First People's Hospital YWYi WangZigong First People's Hospital

Key Points

This research assesses the predictive value of the Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase to Platelet Ratio Index for foot ulcer risk in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes.
Performed logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors.
Developed three predictive models: nomogram, gradient boosting, and random forest.
Calculated AUC for both training and test sets to evaluate model performance.
Identified male sex, smoking, elevated GPR, elevated HbA1c, and elevated LDL as risk factors for DFU.
The random forest model demonstrated the highest AUC of 0.926 on the training set and 0.817 on the test set.
Gradient boosting and nomogram models had lower AUCs, indicating reduced predictive power compared to the random forest model.

Abstract

< .05). Logistic regression analysis identified sex, smoking history, GPR, HbA1c, and LDL as independent risk factors for DFU in T2DM patients. The AUCs for training were 0.797, 0.889, and 0.926 for the nomogram, gradient boosting, and random forest models, respectively, with test set AUCs of 0.825, 0.811, and 0.817. External validation showed the random forest model had the best performance.ConclusionMale sex, smoking, elevated GPR, elevated HbA1c, and elevated LDL are risk factors for DFU in persons living with T2DM. Among the three models built using these factors, the random forest model demonstrated the best performance across the evaluation metrics, followed by the gradient boosting machine model, and then the nomogram model.

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