Artificial Intelligence in Exams by Image: Ethical Pros and Cons

Background/Objectives: The world’s interest in the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly increasing. In medicine, machine learning-based devices have proliferated, especially for image analysis, heralding significant new challenges for the use of AI in healthcare. Based on this context, this research addresses the following question: What are the major bioethical issues related to the use of AI in radiological patient reports? Methods: This study examined the main bioethical concerns surrounding AI in radiological reports, based on a narrative literature review grounded in the works of prominent authors in the field of bioethics. Results: We highlight the legal frameworks regulating medical devices and data protection in the European Union and the United States of America, evaluating recent developments in the contemporary medical landscape. Conclusions: Despite progress, many issues remain unresolved and must be addressed in order to advance the regulation of AI applications in medicine.