Abstract Mediastinal lymphangiomas are rare congenital malformations of the lymphatic system, accounting for <1% of mediastinal masses. These tumors are typically diagnosed in early childhood. Adult presentations are rare and often misdiagnosed. A 35-year-old female presented with retrosternal chest heaviness for 6 weeks and a nonproductive cough for 2 weeks. She described her symptoms as dull, nonradiating pain unrelated to exertion. Clinical examination was unremarkable. Echocardiography revealed an extracardiac mass compressing the right atrium. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large, well-defined cystic mass in the right superior and mid-mediastinum arising from the perithymic region. Additional cystic lesions were noted in the spleen and anterior abdominal wall. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathology confirmed mediastinal lymphangioma. Mediastinal lymphangiomas are rare cystic tumors, especially in adult patients. On imaging, they mimic common mediastinal cystic masses. Multimodal imaging aids in diagnosis. Complete surgical excision, along with histopathology, is confirmatory.
Kamra et al. (Thu,) studied this question.