Histopathological investigation of wound healing activities of Lucilia sericata Larva and Achillea sintenisii extract combinations in diabetic rat wound model

at Day 12. Contraction rates rose progressively across all groups (F = 169.3, p = 0.001): at Day 4, contraction rates were 20.41% ± 1.24% (DF), 43.29% ± 3.96% (DM), 27.67% ± 0.94% (DA) and 42.22% ± 1.20% (DM + DA); at Day 8, rates increased to 42.86% ± 1.11% (DF), 63.34 ± 0.92% (DM), 52.97% ± 0.55% (DA) and 63.26% ± 0.52% (DM + DA) and at Day 12, the DM + DA group achieved the highest contraction rate of 92.91% ± 0.40%, significantly surpassing all other groups-DM (84.30% ± 0.88%), DA (79.43 ± 0.61%) and DF (71.77% ± 0.64%)-demonstrating a clear synergistic effect of the combined therapy (p < 0.05). Histological evaluation further corroborated these findings, with the DM + DA group consistently achieving the highest scores across all tissue repair parameters (epithelialization, fibroblast density, collagen deposition, angiogenesis and hair follicle regeneration), significantly superior to all other groups (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results confirm that the combination of L. sericata secretions and A. sintenisii extract exerts a synergistic wound healing effect superior to either agent alone or to Furacin® and could lead to the development of affordable, accessible and effective natural products for chronic wound care. These results may contribute to innovative treatment options in both veterinary and human medicine.