A relational geospatial dataset for the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt, British Columbia, Canada

Geospatial datasets are essential for volcanological research because they enable accurate mapping and measurement of volcanic deposits, the spatial and temporal reconstruction of eruption histories, and the analysis of the relationship between volcanic features and underlying magmatic systems. Despite more than 300 known volcanic vents in the Canadian Cordillera, Canada lacks a unified, comprehensive geospatial dataset designed for spatial analysis or basic research of volcanic features. This gap is especially significant in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt (GVB) of southwestern British Columbia, the northernmost part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc. Volcanic hazards exist near major population centres, yet volcanic deposits are poorly quantified. This study develops and organizes the first complete geospatial dataset of Quaternary volcanism in the Canadian section of the GVB. The dataset combines spatial extents of volcanic deposits with petrological descriptions, geochronological data, and geochemical information within a relational geospatial framework. Spatial data were gathered from existing geological maps, digitized from historical sources, and refined with modern satellite imagery and digital elevation models. The resulting dataset is designed to be accessible and flexible for future volcanological research and will be published in the public domain. A unique methodology was employed to accurately calculate eruptive volumes at the surface for volcanoes in the Canadian part of the GVB. This approach provides the first reliable estimates of erupted volumes for volcanic centres, improving upon previous approximations and offering new insights into the long-term magmatic productivity of the belt. The findings support prior interpretations that the GVB is a relatively low-flux, northern segment of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.