Clinical Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Among Sample of Iraqi Patients Between 2018 and 2023

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer and ranks as the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of CRC in Baghdad from 2018 to 2023. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 cases of various CRC samples with their clinical information were collected from Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, and private labs. In addition, 30 cases of colon and rectum with no significant pathology were collected from the Forensic Medicine Department for comparison purposes in this study. Results: revealed that the most prevalent histological type of CRC was adenocarcinoma which comprised about 86.7%, the peak age frequency was at the patients over 60 years accounted for 44.4%, and the left side of the colon had a high frequency accounted for 66.7%. In malignant cases, the mean size was (5.02 cm). Females had a 53.3% higher incidence of CRC than males. Stage IIIB was the most common tumor stage accounted for 42.2%, and moderately differentiated was the most common grade at the time of study with a rate of 93.3%. Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma is the most frequent type of CRC in Iraq, occurring in patients over the age of 60 that present at the IIIB stage of disease with a moderate tumor grade.