Expression of Diminutive-Affective Meanings at Different Levels in Uzbek and Russian Languages

This article examines the expression of diminutive-affective meanings in the Uzbek and Russian languages at different linguistic levels. The study analyzes how diminutive and affectionate nuances are conveyed through morphological, lexical, syntactic, and pragmatic means in both languages. Particular attention is given to the role of affixation, especially diminutive suffixes, as well as to lexical choices and contextual factors that contribute to emotional coloring. The comparative analysis reveals both similarities and differences in the formation and usage of diminutive-affective forms in Uzbek and Russian. While Uzbek predominantly employs agglutinative suffixes to express diminutiveness and affection, Russian demonstrates a rich system of derivational morphology with multiple expressive suffixes. The study also highlights the communicative-pragmatic functions of diminutive forms, including their role in expressing emotional attitude, evaluation, intimacy, and politeness in discourse. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of cross-linguistic variation in expressive language use and provide insights into the typological features of Uzbek and Russian within the framework of comparative linguistics.