Molecular Study of Some β-Lactamase Genes among Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates

Abstract Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses a wide variety of antimicrobial defense mechanisms, including many chromosomal determinants and intricate regulatory pathways involved in both intrinsic and adaptive resistance. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of β -lactamase genes among multidrug resistance P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples collected from different hospitals. Materials and Methods: from July to October of 2022, 194 cotton swape from clinical samples, including burns, urine, diabetic foot, gunfire bombs, and wounds, were gathered from participants of varying gender and age. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated by culturing it on Cetrimide agar and using microscopy and biochemical tests. The diagnosis was confirmed by using molecular methods through the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the 16sRNA gene. The molecular identification, by using PCR amplification of the three genes bla oxa 145 , bla oxa 181 , and per-1 . Results: The results of the molecular study of the three mentioned genes obtained in this study were as follows, number of samples that were positive to the presence of bla oxa 145 34/36(94.44%), for bla oxa 181 21/36(58.33%) and per-1 31/36(86.11%). A number of samples that were positive to per-1 only was 2(5.55%), 5 (13.89%) samples were harboring only bla oxa 145 , samples that had both bla oxa 145 and per-1 were 8 (22.22%), 21 (58.33%) of samples contained all the three genes bla oxa 145 , bla oxa 181 and per-1 ; and only two (5.55%) of samples were having none of the resistant genes under study. Conclusion: The results of this study show the widespread of the bla oxa family that is, resistant to β -lactamase antibiotics, and this poses a threat to public health.