Genetic Variations in Multilocus Genes of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Al-Diwaniyah City, Iraq

Abstract Background: Because of its availability and comprehensive manner, the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) database was used in this study. As MLST has become more widely used, databases have been created to store and track different sequence types and to enable comparative analysis of allele sequences. Objective: This study aimed to detect genetic variations in the multilocus genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from different clinical sources using sequencing techniques. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 samples were collected in this cross-sectional study, which includes burns’ swabs ( n = 80, 40%), wounds’ swabs ( n = 66, 33%), and diabetic foot ulcer swabs ( n = 54, 27%) from November 2021 to August 2022 from Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, Feminine and Children Teaching Hospital, and Burns Center admitted patients. The six multilocus gene samples delivered for sequencing were primed Macrogen provided a FASTA-formatted (a DNA and protein sequence alignment software package) DNA sequence chromatogram. Results: Of 200 collected samples, only 136 (68%) samples gave positive results for culturing, and of 136 positive culturing samples, only 50 isolates (25.0%) were identified as P. aeruginosa isolates. According to the site of infection, 43.1%, 37.5%, and 26.3% of P. aeruginosa were isolated from burns, wounds, and diabetic foot ulcers, respectively. Multilocus gene fragments were utilized for direct sequencing to detect genetic alterations in study group samples. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) results showed that the enlarged portions of multilocus genes had genetic alterations. Conclusions: Multilocus gene analysis analyzes many genetic loci to evaluate bacterial genetic diversity. Researchers can better comprehend bacterial genetics by examining many genes.