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May 9, 2026Scientia Sinica Vitae0 citations

Advances in the role of manganese ions as immunostimulatory agonists in vaccines and immunotherapy

SFShuo FuCZChuanxin ZhuZJZhengfan Jiang

Key Points

  • This research aims to explore the role of manganese ions as immunostimulatory agents in vaccine development and immunotherapy.
  • Reviewed definitions and classifications of vaccine adjuvants.
  • Analyzed the molecular mechanisms of manganese activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.
  • Summarized clinical progress and applications of manganese ions in antiviral and antitumor vaccines.
  • Manganese ions enhance the immune response via the cGAS-STING pathway.
  • Significant advantages of manganese as an adjuvant in vaccine development were identified.
  • Clinical potentials and challenges of manganese-based immune modulators were discussed.

Abstract

锰(Manganese, Mn)是人体必需的微量元素,在维持代谢稳态、骨骼发育及神经功能等生理过程中具有重要作用。近年来,二价锰离子(Mn2+)在免疫调控中的关键功能被逐步揭示,其通过特异性激活天然免疫核心通路——环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶(cGAS)-干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)信号通路,成为新型免疫激动剂和疫苗佐剂研发的核心靶点。本文系统综述了疫苗佐剂的定义、分类及研究现状,深入解析了锰离子激活cGAS-STING信号通路的分子机制,并全面总结了Mn2+作为佐剂在抗病毒/抗肿瘤疫苗研发中的应用优势,以及 “锰免疗法” 在肿瘤免疫治疗中的临床进展与转化潜力。最后,本文讨论了当前锰基免疫调节剂面临的核心挑战(如胞内动态检测工具缺乏、神经毒性风险评估、临床方案优化),并展望了未来研究方向(如高精度监测技术开发、多功能锰基纳米材料设计、跨学科融合应用),为锰离子在免疫领域的基础研究与临床转化提供系统参考。

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Cite This Study

Fu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69fed021b9154b0b82877266https://doi.org/10.1360/ssv-2026-0081
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