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March 31, 2026Heart & Lung

Higher estimated pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with prevalent ASCVD (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.13-1.31; P<0.0001) as well as increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

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Why the study?

While ePWV is recognized as a cardiovascular risk marker, evidence evaluating its associations with prevalent ASCVD and mortality outcomes in U.S. adults remained limited.

Is higher estimated pulse wave velocity associated with prevalent ASCVD and increased mortality in U.S. adults?

Population

34,200 adults aged ≥20 years in NHANES 2001-2018

Comparison

Higher vs lower ePWV levels

Design

Nationally representative observational cohort study

Key result

Higher estimated pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with prevalent ASCVD (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.13-1.31; P<0.0001) as well as increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

Authors

QWQidong WuShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineXQXiuxiu QiuShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineLTLi TaoShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Discussion

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Overview

ePWV may mark vascular aging in U.S. adults; hypothesis-generating for prospective validation before risk-stratification use.

Key Points

  • This research aims to evaluate the relationship between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) outcomes in U.S. adults.
  • Analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018 (N=34,200).
  • Calculated ePWV using age, sex, and blood pressure; utilized multivariable logistic regression for ASCVD, and Cox models for mortality.
  • Conducted ROC analyses to assess ePWV's discriminative ability for ASCVD and survival analyses for mortality.
  • Higher ePWV was associated with prevalent ASCVD (OR=1.21, 95% CI=1.13-1.31, P<0.0001).
  • Each 1 SD increase in ePWV linked to higher all-cause mortality (HR=1.96, 95% CI=1.85-2.08, P<0.0001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=2.35, 95% CI=2.10-2.62, P<0.0001).
  • Kaplan-Meier analyses showed lower survival in highest ePWV category (log-rank test, P<0.0001).

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=34,200)

Structured PICO

Is higher estimated pulse wave velocity associated with prevalent ASCVD and increased mortality in U.S. adults?

P
Population
34,200 U.S. adults aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2018
I
Intervention
Higher estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV)
C
Comparator
Lower estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV)
O
Outcome
Prevalent ASCVD, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortalityhard clinical

Main Result

Effect estimate: OR 1.21 (95% CI 1.13-1.31)

p-value: p=<0.0001

Higher estimated pulse wave velocity is strongly associated with prevalent ASCVD and increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in U.S. adults, supporting its utility as a marker of vascular aging.

Cite This Study

Wu et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (n=34,200). Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) was evaluated on Prevalent ASCVD (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.13-1.31, p=<0.0001). Higher estimated pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with prevalent ASCVD (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.13-1.31; P<0.0001) as well as increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a025c6bedf6f4813859460fhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2026.102773
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