In a recent taxonomy of different philosophies of mind, Robert Lawrence Kuhn classified Rudolf Steiner's view as a mind-body dualism. We argue that this classification is incorrect. Rather, Steiner's view is trinitarian and represents a unification of monism and dualism. Hence, the trinitarian conception of the human being in Steiner not only challenges Kuhn's taxonomic placement of Steiner's view but also, by showing that monism and dualism may not be exclusive, indicates a potential fundamental limitation of the whole taxonomy. Furthermore, since other thinkers (such as Whitehead, de Chardin, and others) may potentially be classified as trinitarian, Kuhn's taxonomy arguably needs revision. In fact, the dualism vs. monism and related debates mirror limitations in current ways of thinking. The trinitarian view offers a different approach to “the hard problem of consciousness”, understanding the differentiation between mind and body, and the philosophical problems that arise from this differentiation, as part of human development.
Sparby et al. (2026) studied this question.