A network of microgrids (MGs) is expected to replace the power system infrastructure in the future to address issues like constrained energy exchange and the inherent uncertainty associated with renewable energy sources. Achieving enhanced reliability, flexibility, and resilience in interconnected microgrids (IMGs) requires robust control strategies and efficient power management schemes that operate effectively while preserving power system characteristics. This paper addresses the control requirements of the IMG system with an in-depth overview of the most important research topics, possibilities, and difficulties in IMG management and control. A systematic review of several control frameworks, control strategies, power management schemes, and various clustering approaches using converter interfaces for different line technologies is presented and compared. The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and the operation under time-varying loads present various complexities for the multiple control layers of the IMG control structure. These complexities create significant impacts on the IMG system characteristics, like voltage, frequency, power quality, optimal sharing and trading, synchronization, and stability. Therefore, this paper analyzes key power system characteristics, such as stability, power quality, mode transitions, and load behavior, under various operating conditions using MATLAB/Simulink simulation results to determine the impact of different control strategies on overall system performance. Furthermore, this paper outlines potential research trends, challenges, and guidelines for future research to improve networked MG operations. This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for existing studies in the field of IMG control frameworks, as well as to facilitate fundamental guidelines for future research to advance and enhance MG-based systems.
Tasnim et al. (2026) studied this question.