Randomized trial examines gender disparities in life expectancy across Thai provinces, indicating environmental health risks.
Key Points
This study aims to explore gender disparities in survival and life expectancy across Thailand's provinces from 2015 to 2023.
Constructed life tables using civil registration data for all 77 Thai provinces.
Employed generalized additive models (GAM) with Poisson likelihood to estimate mortality rates.
Analyzed temporal trends and regional disparities, with separate analyses by sex.
National gender gap in life expectancy at birth increased from 7.0 years in 2015 to 7.7 years in 2021, linked to higher male mortality during COVID-19.
Provincial gender gaps ranged from 5.7 to 9.5 years.
Moderate to strong negative correlation observed between PM2.5 exposure and life expectancy.