) and integrated stress response (ISR) are discussed, including their tissue-specific as well as non-cell-autonomous effects on aging. Additionally, we examine the impact of mitochondrial protein import/export, dynamics (fission, fusion, mitophagy, biogenesis), and quality control in aging. Finally, we address challenges in understanding context-dependent mitochondrial responses and mitonuclear communication. Together, these insights position mitochondria as central regulators of aging and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets to enhance health span and longevity.
SHENG et al. (2026) studied this question.