Modeling and Optimization of α-Amylase Immobilization on Chitosan-Based Supports: A Comparison of Response Surface Methodology and Machine Learning Approaches

Amy@GA-CS retained approximately 50% of its initial activity after ten consecutive reuses, demonstrating strong operational stability. Overall, this study highlights the complementary strengths of the RSM and ML in designing robust immobilized enzymes and provides a solid foundation for the development of reusable biocatalysts.