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The role of emotional and cognitive dimensions in health protection remains unclear. A systematic review was conducted to analyse the impact of emotional regulation and intrusive thoughts on the health of individuals. Through a search of five databases - Web of Science, SCOPUS, Pubmed, LILACS, and SciELO − 15 cross-sectional and longitudinal articles were selected from 2019 to 2023 that related the impact of emotional regulation and intrusive thoughts on the health of 92,617 adult individuals. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Statistical Review and Evaluation Instruments checklists to assess the risk of bias. Seven articles analysed (47%) reported cross-sectional studies, the same proportion reported longitudinal studies, and one article (7%) described both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. The review of 32% of the studies suggests that health is negatively affected in contexts of low levels of emotion regulation and where intrusive thoughts, worry or rumination are present, although there are some divergent results. In all studies, the variables under analysis also establish relationships with each other. Given the heterogeneity of the methods, it is pertinent to standardise the use of standardised measures for the assessment of concepts and these variables. The importance of systematizing the relationship of variables with health has clinical implications, making it possible to guide professionals in the development of therapeutic interventions through the management of disease prevention and health promotion behaviours.
Sequeira et al. (Sat,) studied this question.