Organizational contextual stimuli and health belief among migrant workers with pneumoconiosis: the mediating role of perceived health status

Background Pneumoconiosis is the most prevalent occupational disease in China, with migrant workers being its primary victims. However, migrant workers with pneumoconiosis generally exhibit low health belief, which is associated with a decline in their quality of life. Organizational contextual stimuli are an important variable associated with the health belief of these workers. Perceived health status also plays a crucial role in this process. This study examines the associations among health belief, organizational contextual stimuli, and perceived health status among migrant workers with pneumoconiosis. It also explores factors associated with their health belief. Methods This study is based on 1,109 valid samples completed by migrant workers with pneumoconiosis across eight Chinese provinces. It employed one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples t -tests to investigate differences in health belief and associated factors among these workers across various sociodemographic characteristics. Additionally, structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to examine the associative pathways linking organizational contextual stimuli, health belief, and perceived health status among these workers. Results Results from one-way ANOVA and independent samples t-tests indicate differences in health belief and associated factors among migrant workers with pneumoconiosis across all sociodemographic characteristics except gender. SEM analysis reveals that organizational contextual stimuli are significantly associated with health belief among these workers ( β = 0.287, p 0.001) and perceived health status ( β = 0.267, p 0.001). Perceived health status is also significantly associated with health belief ( β = 0.379, p 0.001). Furthermore, perceived health status plays a statistically significant but modest mediating role in the relationship between organizational contextual stimuli and health belief among this population (indirect effect = 0.056, 95% CI: 0.041–0.096). The model exhibited acceptable fit (CMIN/DF = 1.972, RMSEA = 0.048, CFI = 0.931). Conclusion It is suggested to strengthen organizational support and protection, enhance the health atmosphere and emotional well-being of migrant workers with pneumoconiosis, and cultivate health initiative among this population. In turn, this is associated with increased endogenous motivation for health belief in this population, is continuously associated with the strengthening of health belief, and improves the construction of health services for these workers.