Integrating Graphene and Phase Change Materials (PCM) into Cementitious Composites: A Review on Thermal Performance and Mechanical Enhancement

This preprint presents a comprehensive review on the integration of Graphene and Phase Change Materials (PCM) into cementitious composites for improving thermal efficiency and mechanical performance in sustainable construction systems. The study evaluates recent advancements in PCM incorporation methods, thermal energy storage behavior, graphene-enhanced cement matrices, and the influence of multifunctional additives on durability and structural behavior. The review investigates the balance between thermal regulation capacity and mechanical strength in smart concrete applications, with particular focus on energy-efficient buildings, climate-responsive construction materials, and next-generation cementitious technologies. Existing challenges related to dispersion stability, leakage control, interfacial bonding, and long-term performance are also discussed. The findings demonstrate the significant potential of graphene-PCM modified cementitious composites for reducing energy consumption while enhancing material performance in modern building systems. This work aims to contribute to ongoing research on sustainable and high-performance construction materials through an integrated evaluation of thermal and structural enhancement strategies.