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May 17, 2026European Urology OncologyOpen Access

Diagnostic Accuracy of Liquid-Based Biomarkers for Detecting and Risk Stratifying Upper Tract Urothelial Cancers: A Diagnostic Test Systematic Review by the EAU Guidelines UTUC Panel

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Authors

BPBhavan PrasadKRKarthik RajanPRPrabhakar Rajan

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Overview

Systematic review evaluates liquid-based biomarkers for diagnosing upper tract urothelial cancers, suggesting potential clinical use.

Key Points

  • This review assesses the diagnostic accuracy of liquid-based biomarkers for upper tract urothelial carcinoma and their role in risk stratification.
  • Systematic search across MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL from January 2010 to July 2024.
  • Inclusion of 32 studies assessing diagnostic performance of liquid-based biomarkers, focusing on sensitivity and specificity.
  • Narrative synthesis of extracted data on various biomarkers and their accuracy in diagnosing UTUC.
  • RNA-based panels (sensitivity 86-92%, specificity 87-93%) and DNA methylation panels (sensitivity 91%, specificity 100%) show favorable diagnostic profiles.
  • Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with plasma copy number burden >6.5 predicts high-grade disease with sensitivity 71% and specificity 94%.
  • Current evidence is limited, indicating the need for larger studies and interventional trials.

Cite This Study

Prasad et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a095b787880e6d24efe140ahttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.euo.2026.04.011
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