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May 17, 2026World Psychiatry

Long‐term effects of psychotherapies for depression: an advanced meta‐analysis

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Authors

PCPim CuijpersCMClara MiguelEAEsra Kaya Aglio

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Overview

Randomized trial examines long-term effectiveness of psychotherapies for depression, implying sustained benefits over time.

Key Points

  • This research aims to assess the long-term effects of psychotherapies for adult depression compared to control conditions.
  • Included 191 RCTs with 33,691 participants comparing psychotherapies against control conditions.
  • Analyzed outcomes at six months or later using a multivariate pooling model with cubic regression splines.
  • Evaluated long-term treatment effects using a risk ratio (RR) for response rates and standardized mean difference (SMD) for outcomes.
  • SMD increased from baseline to 0.55 at 12 weeks, decreased to 0.39 at one-year follow-up, remained significant for up to 8.3 years.
  • Response rates improved with an RR of 1.68 at 3 months but decreased to 1.14 at 5 years, remaining significant up to 4.5 years.
  • Psychotherapies show moderate to large effects initially, stabilizing at a moderate level for several years.

Cite This Study

Cuijpers et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a095c037880e6d24efe2028https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.70065
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