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May 18, 20260 citationsOpen Access

The Vacuum as a Thin Four-Dimensional Gap: Inner-Outer Wall Dynamics as the Common Origin of Electromagnetism, Gravity, and Rotor Matter

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SCStephen Euin Cobb

Key Points

  • The aim is to model the vacuum as a thin, pressure-bearing four-dimensional gap, linking it to fundamental forces.
  • Develop a theoretical framework based on a pressure-driven cosmic model.
  • Use calibrated wall-gap and wall-shear variables to recover Maxwell's equations.
  • Analyze four-dimensional particle simulations to explore model constraints.
  • Successfully recover Maxwell's equations using wall-gap and shear variables.
  • Interpret general relativity as large-scale curvature based on wall dynamics.
  • Identify the need for inner and outer wall dynamics in particle simulations.

Abstract

This paper proposes that the physical vacuum can be modeled as a very thin, pressure-bearing four-dimensional gap between two limiting sides of the observable cosmic hypersurface, described here as an inner wall and an outer wall. Building on the pressure-driven cosmological framework developed in R190, the model treats local vacuum behavior as the small-scale expression of the same four-dimensional boundary structure that governs cosmic expansion. Signed wall separation is interpreted as the geometric basis of electric-type distortion, tangential wall shear as the basis of magnetic-type behavior, and common wall-pair curvature as the gravitational limit. With calibrated wall-gap and wall-shear variables, Maxwell's equations are recovered in their standard form, while general relativity is interpreted as the large-scale curvature limit of the wall-pair calibrated by Newton's gravitational constant. Matter is described as localized topological opening or rotor-supported organization of the gap, allowing charge, magnetic moment, mass, and neutron metastability to be interpreted as different wall-supported states. Recent four-dimensional particle simulations are discussed as exploratory constraints, especially their indication that a simple symmetric fourth-coordinate squeeze is insufficient and that signed inner-wall and outer-wall dynamics are required. The paper identifies the constants, calibrations, simulations, and open problems needed to develop the thin-gap model into a quantitative theory.

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Cite This Study

Stephen Euin Cobb (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a0aace55ba8ef6d83b705c1https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20242497
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