Abstract The twentieth century was a transformative period in Indian society, characterized by the struggle for independence, social reforms and the emergence of new ideas in education, science and literature. While many Indian saints, reformers and thinkers contributed to the moral and spiritual progress of society, Rashtra Sant Tukdoji Maharaj (1909- 1968) stands out as a unique figure who combined spirituality, rationality and a pragmatic approach to life. His literature comprising bhajans, discourses, essays and his monumental work Gramgeeta- is not only deeply spiritual but also permeated with a scientific attitude. By scientific attitude, I mean the disposition to view life and problems objectively, rationally and critically, while emphasizing observation, reasoning and experimentation over blind belief, superstition or dogma. His writings repeatedly stressed the need for rational thinking, systematic social reforms, scientific agriculture, modern education and balanced living. He envisioned a society where science and spirituality coexisted harmoniously for human welfare. This paper explores in detail how Tukdoji Maharaj’s literature reflects a scientific attitude, with emphasis on his critical view of superstition, his progressive educational ideas, his approach to rural development and his larger vision of integrating science with spirituality for human progress. His folk bhajans or his philosophical Gramgeeta is a shining example of scientific attitude in Indian thought. Through bhajans, he taught villagers to reject superstition, value cleanliness, work hard and learn science -based knowledge. Through Gramgeeta, he presented a rational blueprint for rural development- scientific agriculture, sanitation, education, equality and sustainable use of resources. His insistence on combining science with spirituality made his vision holistic, ensuring progress without losing ethical grounding. His literature not only inspired spiritual awakening but also cultivated scientific temper, much in line with what India’s Constitution later enshrined as a fundamental duty.
Shravan R. Banasure (Thu,) studied this question.