PURPOSE: To describe large-scale epidemiological patterns of chalazia and assess treatment outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Clalit Health Services electronic medical record database, analyzing demographic data, medical history, treatments, procedures, and outcomes between January 2003 and December 2022. RESULTS: < 0.001), with higher prevalence above 21°C (specificity 0.91, sensitivity 0.79, AUC 0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Most chalazia resolve with conservative management. Age and climate significantly influence both incidence and treatment outcomes. These findings underscore the role of environmental and demographic factors in a chalazion's clinical course and may guide more tailored management strategies.
Giladi et al. (2026) studied this question.