What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: COVID-19 (n=219). Intervention: ACE2 rs2285666 GG genotype vs. Alternative genotypes (GA/AA). Primary outcome: Intensive care unit (ICU) admission in women (OR 7.41, 95% CI 2.08-31.68, p=0.003).

What does this research mean for the field?

Specific polymorphisms in the ACE2, IL1A, and TNF genes are associated with increased COVID-19 severity, including ICU admission and mechanical ventilation, as well as persistent respiratory symptoms in the post-COVID-19 phase. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to determine the relationship between specific gene polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity and symptoms after recovery.

May 28, 2026Einstein (São Paulo)0 citationsOpen Access

Influence of inflammatory and reninangiotensin system gene polymorphisms ACE2 rs2285666, IL1A rs1800587, and TNF rs1800629 on COVID-19 severity and the persistence of symptoms in the post-COVID-19 phase: a cross-sectional study

MDMatheus Daudt-Lemos EOEvelyn Maciel de Oliveira ARAlice Ramos-Silva

Key Result

The ACE2 rs2285666 GG genotype significantly increased the risk of intensive care unit admission in women with COVID-19 (OR 7.41).

Key Points

This research aims to determine the relationship between specific gene polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity and symptoms after recovery.
Cross-sectional study design focusing on Brazilian patients.
Assessment of gene polymorphisms in ACE2, IL1A, and TNF.
Analysis of associations with COVID-19 outcomes including ICU admission and respiratory symptoms.
Specific gene variants were linked to increased risk of ICU admission and need for mechanical ventilation.
Variants also correlated with persistence of respiratory symptoms post-COVID-19.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=219)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Are polymorphisms in ACE2, IL1A, and TNF genes associated with COVID-19 severity and post-COVID symptoms in Brazilian patients?

Population

Brazilian patients with COVID-19

Intervention

Presence of ACE2 rs2285666, IL1A rs1800587, and TNF rs1800629 gene polymorphisms

Comparator

Absence of these specific genetic variants

Outcome

COVID-19 severity (intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation) and persistence of symptoms in the post-COVID-19 phase (persistent respiratory symptoms)

Specific genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory and renin-angiotensin system genes may predict COVID-19 severity and the likelihood of persistent respiratory symptoms.

Main Result

Effect estimate: OR 7.41 (95% CI 2.08-31.68)

p-value: p=0.003

Limitations

Relatively small sample size
Cohort primarily consisted of patients with multiple comorbidities as it was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital
Comparison with a healthy control group was not possible

Abstract

In BriefThis study investigated whether polymorphisms in ACE2, IL1A, and TNF genes are associated with COVID-19 severity and post-COVID symptoms in Brazilian patients.Our findings showed specific variants were associated with intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, and persistent respiratory symptoms.

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Cite This Study

Daudt-Lemos et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in COVID-19 (n=219). ACE2 rs2285666 GG genotype vs. Alternative genotypes (GA/AA) was evaluated on Intensive care unit (ICU) admission in women (OR 7.41, 95% CI 2.08-31.68, p=0.003). The ACE2 rs2285666 GG genotype significantly increased the risk of intensive care unit admission in women with COVID-19 (OR 7.41).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a17daf83fad632b0f9d7cc2 https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2026ao1503

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May 28, 2026Einstein (São Paulo)0 citationsOpen Access

Influence of inflammatory and reninangiotensin system gene polymorphisms ACE2 rs2285666, IL1A rs1800587, and TNF rs1800629 on COVID-19 severity and the persistence of symptoms in the post-COVID-19 phase: a cross-sectional study

MDMatheus Daudt-Lemos EOEvelyn Maciel de Oliveira ARAlice Ramos-Silva

Key Result

The ACE2 rs2285666 GG genotype significantly increased the risk of intensive care unit admission in women with COVID-19 (OR 7.41).

Key Points

This research aims to determine the relationship between specific gene polymorphisms and COVID-19 severity and symptoms after recovery.
Cross-sectional study design focusing on Brazilian patients.
Assessment of gene polymorphisms in ACE2, IL1A, and TNF.
Analysis of associations with COVID-19 outcomes including ICU admission and respiratory symptoms.
Specific gene variants were linked to increased risk of ICU admission and need for mechanical ventilation.
Variants also correlated with persistence of respiratory symptoms post-COVID-19.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=219)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Are polymorphisms in ACE2, IL1A, and TNF genes associated with COVID-19 severity and post-COVID symptoms in Brazilian patients?

Population

Brazilian patients with COVID-19

Intervention

Presence of ACE2 rs2285666, IL1A rs1800587, and TNF rs1800629 gene polymorphisms

Comparator

Absence of these specific genetic variants

Outcome

COVID-19 severity (intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation) and persistence of symptoms in the post-COVID-19 phase (persistent respiratory symptoms)

Specific genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory and renin-angiotensin system genes may predict COVID-19 severity and the likelihood of persistent respiratory symptoms.

Main Result

Effect estimate: OR 7.41 (95% CI 2.08-31.68)

p-value: p=0.003

Limitations

Relatively small sample size
Cohort primarily consisted of patients with multiple comorbidities as it was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital
Comparison with a healthy control group was not possible

Abstract

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Cite This Study

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a17daf83fad632b0f9d7cc2 https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2026ao1503

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