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May 28, 2026Circulation Journal0 citationsOpen Access

Trajectory of Multidimensional Frailty Across Recurrent Heart Failure Hospitalizations　― A Single-Center Longitudinal Cohort Study ―

YOYuta OzakiYUYusuke UemuraSHShigefumi Honda

Key Result

Recurrent hospitalizations for heart failure were associated with progressive deterioration in frailty, as evidenced by a significant increase in the Clinical Frailty Scale score (β=0.40).

Key Points

  • To explore the longitudinal changes in multidimensional frailty domains among individuals with recurrent heart failure hospitalizations.
  • Longitudinal cohort design
  • Assessments of functional status, nutritional status, sarcopenia-related phenotypes, and cognitive impairment across multiple hospitalizations
  • Identified significant changes in frailty dimensions over time with recurrent hospitalizations.
  • Functional and cognitive impairments worsened with each hospitalization, impacting overall patient prognosis.

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=337)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

P
Population
Patients with recurrent hospitalizations for heart failure (HF)
O
Outcome
Longitudinal changes in multidimensional frailty domains (functional status, nutritional status, sarcopenia-related phenotypes, and cognitive impairment)

This study aims to characterize the longitudinal changes in multidimensional frailty domains across recurrent heart failure hospitalizations.

Main Result

Effect estimate: β=0.40 (95% CI 0.257-0.541)

p-value: p=<0.001

Limitations

  • Single center with a limited sample size, potentially restricting generalizability
  • Not all assessments were available for every hospitalization, introducing potential selection bias
  • Unmeasured confounding cannot be excluded despite adjustment for age and sex
  • Observational design and absence of a control group precludes causal inference

Abstract

Background: Heart failure (HF) is characterized by recurrent clinical deterioration, and multidimensional frailty (i.e., functional status, nutritional status, sarcopenia-related phenotypes, and cognitive impairment) is a key determinant of prognosis. We explored longitudinal changes in these multidimensional domains across recurrent hospitalizations for HF.

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Cite This Study

Ozaki et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Heart failure (n=337). Recurrent hospitalizations was evaluated on Change in Clinical Frailty Scale score (β=0.40, 95% CI 0.257-0.541, p=<0.001). Recurrent hospitalizations for heart failure were associated with progressive deterioration in frailty, as evidenced by a significant increase in the Clinical Frailty Scale score (β=0.40).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a17daf83fad632b0f9d7dbbhttps://doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-26-0186
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